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| Government Type |
monarchy; special treaty relationship with India |
| Legal System |
based on Indian law and English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Currency |
ngultrum (BTN); Indian rupee (INR) |
| Economic Overview |
The economy, one of the world's smallest and least developed, is based on agriculture and forestry, providing the main livelihood for more than 90% of the population. Agriculture consists largely of subsistence farming and animal husbandry. Rugged mountains dominate the terrain and make the building of roads and other infrastructure difficult and expensive. The economy is closely aligned with India's through strong trade and monetary links and dependence on India's financial assistance. The industrial sector is technologically backward, with most production of the cottage industry type. Most development projects, such as road construction, rely on Indian migrant labor. Bhutan's hydropower potential and its attraction for tourists are key resources. The government has made some progress in expanding the nation's productive base and improving social welfare. Model education, social, and environment programs are underway with support from multilateral development organizations. Each economic program takes into account the government's desire to protect the country's environment and cultural traditions. Detailed controls and uncertain policies in areas like industrial licensing, trade, labor, and finance continue to hamper foreign investment. |
| Natural Resources |
timber, hydropower, gypsum, calcium carbide |
| Primary Industries |
cement, wood products, processed fruits, alcoholic beverages, calcium carbide |
| Agricultural Products |
rice, corn, root crops, citrus, foodgrains; dairy products, eggs |
| Import Commodities |
fuel and lubricants, grain, machinery and parts, vehicles, fabrics, rice |
| Export Commodities |
electricity (to India), cardamom, gypsum, timber, handicrafts, cement, fruit, precious stones, spices |
| Export Partners |
India 95%, Bangladesh 4% (1997) |
| AIRPORTS of Bhutan |
| Paro Airport |
International, Paro 6km (3miles), Elevation 2,236m (7,335ft),2 Aircraft Stands |
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